Why does osteochondria appear and how is it treated?

30 April 2025

Osteochondria is a disease in which degenerative metabolic changes are diagnosed in the tissues of the cartilage of the spine, are also accompanied by disorders of the structure and functionality of the intervertebral discs. Depending on the detection of damaged tissues, the cervical, thoracic and lumbar osteochondria are distinguished. osteochondria what is

What is osteochondria? Osteochondria is a spine disease in which degenerative and dystrophic lesions of intervertebral discs appear. With the development of osteochondry, degenerative-diplomatic lesions apply to spine.The main feature that indicates the growth of osteochondrication is the pain in the throat, the back, the lower back area, with the evolution, the pain "gives" the hands, chest, shoulders, upper thigh, etc. displacement. In the absence of timely treatment, osteochondria develops in an incurable condition.The causes of osteochondicityThe main factor in the development of osteochondrication is a heterogeneous load on the spine. The habit of carrying a bag to a shoulder or one hand, a wrong posture, a dream in an overly soft mattress, a high pillow, wearing anatomically wrong shoe species is a common cause of inappropriate load distribution.Additional risk factors include hypotherapy, sedentary lifestyle, overweight, back injuries, lower extremities, flat legs and other disorders of the musculoskeletal system, as well as age -related degenerative processes in age -related changes.In the etiology of osteochondry, the following factors can also play a role:physical overrun of the body.Neuro-emotional exhaustion.Metabolic disorders, poisoning, gastrointestinal tract diseases that prevent the complete absorption of nutrients. Special risks, in particular, work on vibration platforms.Genetic predisposition.Attitude violations during active growth, scoliosis.wearing uncomfortable shoes (limited, heels).prolonged and/or regular dehydration.Lower diet, hypomittaminosis.smoking;Pregnancy, especially multiple, in combination with an unpaid muscle device (due to the shift of the center of gravity of the body). Stages of Osteochondicity Development The osteochondria in the dynamics of the disease goes through four stages:

The first -stage osteochondria (degree) is characterized by the initial stage of pathology at the Pulpos core of the intervertebral disc. Due to the excess load, the process of dehydration (dehydration) of the core begins, leading to a reduction in the disc parameter and the appearance of cracks in the fibrous ring. Symptoms at this stage are usually absent, little discomfort may occur with prolonged stay in an unpleasant static attitude, active movement, etc.In 2 stages, the reduction in discs leads to a decrease in the distance between vertebrae and the relaxation of vertebrates and joints. This causes increased mobility of vertebrae with affected discs, which are dangerous by displacement or slipping. In the second stage of the disease, discomfort, pain occur, especially with certain types of load, movement, positions.The stages of osteochondryosis 3 (degree) are characterized by the formation of profiles and protrusions of the intervertebral discs, may be accompanied by subluxis and/or the development of the joints of the intervertebral joints. With some types of motion, patients feel stiffness, inadequate mobility, tingling feel, numbness can occur at the edges. At this stage, the osteochondria is clearly felt on the back, neck, lumbar or pertussis, depending on the detection of the affected discs. In 4 stages of osteochondry, the body tries to adapt the effects of vertebral hyperactivity and adapt to the weakened functionality of the spine. Osteophytes, new bone formations, which exploit vertebral stabilization are formed in vertebral contact sites. However, in some cases, osteophytics can cause nerve violations, injure the vertebrae. The fibrous anchorage begins on the intervertebral discs and joints. In the absence of microtrames and violations of nerve roots, the symptoms of the disease recede. Osteochondal symptoms The main symptoms of osteochondrication are a sense of discomfort and/or neck pain, back. The severity of the senses and the presence of additional symptoms depend on the stage of the disease. When examining the patient and the collection of an analogous one, the specialist performs the initial diagnosis, assuming the presence of osteochondry with visually defined curvature of the spine observed at the transverse or longitudinal level of the spine. The pathologies of the intervertebral discs of the cervix and lumbar violence are far more common than degenerative and dystrophic changes in the sternum area.The signs of osteochondry, which feel by the patient, include periodic or permanent feeling of fatigue, deletion or intense, depending on the stage of the disease, pain. The pain can be detected in the throat, back, chest, shoulder belt, complicate, cut off the upper extremity movements. The clinical picture of osteochondicism depends largely on the detection of pathology, the degree of development of the process, the individual characteristics of patients. The pathology of intervertebral discs, shifts, protrusion, hernia and the increase in osteophytes leads to various consequences. Among the most common violations of normal blood circulation in the tissues, nerve endings sting, spine dysfunction, edema, fibrosis of tissues and structures are distinguished.
Such consequences can be accompanied by many different symptoms, leading to a incorrect diagnosis of diseases.
The most common and characteristic symptoms of osteochondry include the following:Back pain, neck, lower back, shoulder belt, nerves.Discomfort, stiffness of body movements occurring in certain positions of the body, inclinations, turns, increased muscle tension.a feeling of numbness of upper and lower extremities.Muscle and joint discomfort, muscle cramps.headaches, dizziness, increased fatigue.Heart pain.Violation of hand sensitivity.Muscle hypotension. Symptoms of osteochondry vary according to the detection of pathology:With the cervical spine osteochondria, throat pain, hands, shoulder belt, shoulder radiation and shoulder prevail. Headaches, dizziness, flickering "flies" or spots in front of the eyes, there are noise in the ears. With damage to the thoracic spine, the pain is located in the chest area, heart, inner shoulder surface, in the armpit area, breathing discomfort is also possible, shortness of breath is possible.The lumbar spine osteochondria is manifested by pain in the lower back with radiation on the legs, upper thighs or pelvic organs, sexual dysfunction is often associated. Surface symptoms - back fatigue, pain - can indicate not only the presence of osteochondry, but also the addition of other diseases or the development of other pathological processes and disorders that are not related to the dystrophy of the intervertebral discs. The diagnosis of osteochondry can only be made by a specialist and the self -medium with such symptoms is unacceptable.Diagnosis

To diagnose, organic examinations are used:X -ray examination of the part of the spine.myelographyNeurological research of sensitivity, reflexes. Additional methods prescribed to differentiate and clarify the diagnosis, the pathology stage includes:Spine computed tomography (CT).Nuclear-Magnetic Coordination (JAMR);Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment instructions for osteochondria The treatment is based on a comprehensive approach and, depending on the scene, lasts from 1 to 3 months of intensive care and 1 year supporting measures to consolidate the result and prevention of relapse.Osteochondria is treated for two directions depending on the degree of osteochondry and the health of the patient. Conservative treatment of the disease consists of taking drugs, performing a set of exercises. Surgical treatment in almost any condition cannot be the first method of selection and prescribed in the absence of positive dynamics, the progression of the disease in the context of prolonged conservative treatment. In addition to medical methods of treatment, it is necessary to follow the general recommendations for osteochondria: observe a diet, take measures required for rehabilitation.Conservative treatment of osteochondryConservative treatment aims to cease pain syndrome, normalize spine functionality and prevent negative changes
Conservative treatment of osteochondry includes the following types of treatment:Pharmaceutical therapy. Osteochondria medicines are used to stop pain syndromes, inflammatory processes in the tissues and normalize the body's metabolic processes. With severe pain syndrome, it is recommended to use the exclusion of nerve endings drugs, which also helps to reduce the severity of the muscle tone syndrome. The following types of exclusion are distinguished: blocking points of trigger, intradigology, sight, offspring, epidural.Physiotherapy methods. Physiotherapeutic processes help reduce pain, increasing the effect of drugs is also used during the rehabilitation period. The most common use of ultrasound waves, magnetic fields, low frequency currents, laser beams etc.Methods of physiotherapy exercises (exercise therapy) and Kinesitherapy. The cluster of spices with regular and proper execution contributes to the correction of posture, enhances muscle corsets, connection, normalizes muscle function, reduces nerve fiber compression and helps prevent the complications of osteochondal. Exercise treatment methods and danger movements are aimed at normalizing metabolic processes, restoring the full nutrition of intervertebral discs, restoring vertebrae layout and discs between them, uniform distribution of the load in the musculoskeletal system. massage. Manual massage techniques are used to improve blood supply to tissues, relieve muscle cramps and clamps and generally improve blood circulation. Yromassage as a direction of therapeutic activity, in addition to the results mentioned, contributes to the normalization of the body's nervous system.Manual treatment. The methods of manual treatment are selected individually. The effect of the point on the body's musculoskeletal system helps improve blood circulation, lymph node circulation, improves metabolism, promotes musculoskeletal mobility, enhances the immune system and serves as a means of preventing osteochondal complications.Treatment with the method of attraction (attraction) of the spine using special equipment. The purpose of the manipulations is to increase the intervertebral space in normal parameters, to correct the spine violations. Prevention of osteochondicity

The causes of osteochondry are mainly associated with attention to body requirements, malnutrition, excessive loads in the body. In order to avoid the appearance of pathological changes in the spine and to limit the dynamics of existing osteochondrication, it is recommended to comply with the general principles of a healthy lifestyle:Exception of the probability of subdivision: Moderate sports: charge, running, swimming, bike, skiing, gymnastics, non -ephemeral race types etc.When working or other form of activity associated with a long stay in static position, it is necessary to take breaks for hot -Pup every 45 minutes to restore blood circulation. If necessary, they are sitting for a long time, you should choose the right chairs, chairs by ensuring spine support, monitoring compliance with the patterns for the position of the hands on the table, the feet on the floor or a special pavilion. For night sleep, it is necessary to choose a rubber, better orthopedic layer with a flat surface, to avoid high or too flat pillows.If necessary, increase and/or wear heavy objects to avoid bites by lifting the severity from the semi -excess position, use special zones that support the lower back.The selection of orthopedic shoes: with the corresponding foot, without high heels and its timely replacement will help reduce the load on the spine, this is especially important for women during a child. In the summer, do not neglect the ability to walk barefoot on a heterogeneous surface, this strengthens the leg muscles and relieves tension from the musculoskeletal system.Proper nutrition, way of consuming drinks contributes to overall health and helps maintain metabolism normally.With the tendency to increase emotionality, anxiety with muscle spasmodic reaction to stress, it is worth studying the methods of relaxation.